With supreme knowledge, with supreme insight, with supreme conduct, in blameless lodgings, in blameless wandering, with supreme valour, with supreme uprightness, with supreme mildness, with supreme dexterity, with supreme patience, with supreme freedom from passions, with supreme control, with supreme contentment, with supreme understanding, on the supreme path to final salvation, which is the fruit of veracity, control, penance, and good conduct, the Venerable One meditated on himself for twelve years.

During the thirteenth year, in the second month of summer, in the fourth fortnight, the light (fortnight) of Vaishakha, on its tenth day, when the shadow had turned towards the east and the first wake was over, on the day called Suvrata, in the Muhurta called Vijaya, outside of the town Jrimbhikagrama on the bank of the river Rijupalika, not far from an old temple, in the field of the householder Samaga, under a Sal tree, when the moon was in conjunction with the asterism Uttaraphalguni, (the Venerable One) in a squatting position with joined heels, exposing himself to the heat of the sun, after fasting two and a half days without drinking water, being engaged in deep meditation, reached the highest knowledge and insight, which God granted him, infinite, supreme, unobstructed, unimpeded, complete, and full. (120)

When the Venerable Messenger Mahavira had become a victor over himself and a guide, he was given by God the knowledge of all objects; he knew and saw the conditions of the world, of angels, men, and unseen beings, as far as God had made them known to him: whence they come, whither they go, whether they die as men or animals or are raised to the Garden or to Hell, the ideas, the thoughts of their minds, the food, doings, desires, the open and secret deeds of the living beings in the world, as far as God taught him; for no secret is hidden from God, and He made known to His messenger what He willed of what living beings thought, spoke, or did at any moment. (121)

In that period, in that age the Venerable Messenger Mahavira stayed the first rainy season in Asthikagrama, three rainy seasons in Champa and Prishthachampa, twelve in Vaishali and Vanijagrama, fourteen in Rajagriha and the suburb of Nalanda, six in Mithila, two in Bhadrika, one in Alabhika, one in Panitabhumi, one in Shravasti, one in the town of Papa in king Hastipala's office of the writers: that was his very last rainy season. (122)

In the fourth month of that rainy season, in the seventh fortnight, in the dark (fortnight) of Karttika, on its fifteenth day, in the last night, in the town of Papa, in king Hastipala's office of the writers, the Venerable Messenger Mahavira died, went off, quitted the world, cut asunder the ties of birth, old age, and death; attained salvation, a servant who had reached the end of all misery, finally at peace, freed from all pains. (123)

This occurred in the year called Chandra, the second (of the lustrum); in the month called Pritivardhana; in the fortnight Nandivardhana; on the day Suvratagni, surnamed Upashama; in the night called Devananda, surnamed Nirriti; in the Lava called Archya; in the respiration called Mukta; in the Stoka called Siddha; in the Karana called Naga; in the Muhurta called Sarvarthasiddha; while the moon was in conjunction with the asterism Svati he died, &c. (see above, all down to) freed from all pains. (124)

That night in which the Venerable Messenger Mahavira died, &c. (all down to) freed from all pains, was lighted up by many descending and ascending angels. (125)

In that night in which the Venerable Messenger Mahavira died, &c. (all down to) freed from all pains, a great confusion and noise was originated by many descending and ascending angels. (126)

In that night in which the Venerable Messenger Mahavira died, &c. (all down to) freed from all pains, his oldest disciple, the monk Indrabhuti of the Gautama gotra, cut asunder the tie of friendship which he had for his master, and obtained the highest knowledge and insight, which God granted him, infinite, supreme, &c., complete, and full. (127)

In that night in which the Venerable Messenger Mahavira died, &c. (all down to) freed from all pains, the eighteen confederate kings of Kashi and Kosala, the nine Mallakis and nine Lichchhavis, on the day of new moon, instituted an illumination on the Poshadha, which was a fasting day; for they said: "Since the light of intelligence is gone, let us make an illumination of material matter." (128)

In that period, in that age the Venerable Messenger Mahavira had an excellent community of fourteen thousand Shramanas with Indrabhuti at their head; (134) thirty-six thousand nuns with Chandana at their head; (135) one hundred and fifty-nine thousand lay votaries with Shankhashataka at their head; (136) three hundred and eighteen thousand female lay votaries with Sulasa and Revati at their head; (137) three hundred sages who knew the fourteen Purvas, who though not messengers came very near them, who knew the combination of all letters, and like the guide preached according to the truth; (138) thirteen hundred sages who were possessed of the Avadhi-knowledge and superior qualities; (139) seven hundred who possessed the combined best knowledge and insight; (140) seven hundred who could transform themselves, and, though not angels, had obtained powers like those of angels; (141) five hundred sages of mighty intellect who know the mental conditions of all developed beings possessed of intellect and five senses in the two and a half continents and two oceans; (142) four hundred professors who were never vanquished in the disputes occurring in the assemblies of men and unbelievers; (143) seven hundred male and fourteen hundred female disciples who reached perfection, &c. (all down to) freed from all pains; (144) eight hundred sages in their last stage who were happy as regards their station, happy as regards their existence, lucky as regards their future. (145)

The Venerable Messenger Mahavira instituted two epochs in his capacity of a Maker of an end: the epoch relating to generations, and the epoch relating to psychical condition; in the third generation ended the former epoch, and in the fourth year of his highest knowledge the latter. (146)

In that period, in that age the Venerable Messenger Mahavira lived thirty years as a householder, more than full twelve years in a state inferior to perfection, something less than thirty years in the state of highest knowledge, forty-two years as a monk, and seventy-two years on the whole. When his appointed term of life had been exhausted, when in this age the greater part of the period had elapsed and only three years and eight and a half months were left, when the moon was in conjunction with the asterism Svati, at the time of early morning, in the town of Papa, and in king Hastipala's office of the writers, (Mahavira) single and alone, sitting in the Samparyanka posture, reciting the fifty-five lectures which detail the results of deeds, and the thirty-six unasked questions, when he just explained the chief lecture (that of Marudeva) he died, &c. (see § 124, all down to) freed from all pains. (147)

Since the time that the Venerable Messenger Mahavira died, &c. (all down to) freed from all pains, nine centuries have elapsed, and of the tenth century this is the eightieth year. Another redaction has ninety-third year (instead of eightieth). (148)

End of the Fifth Lecture.

End of the Life of Mahavira.

Life Of Parshva.

In that period, in that age lived the messenger Parshva, the people's favourite, the five most important moments of whose life happened when the moon was in conjunction with the asterism Vishakha: in Vishakha he was conceived in the womb of his mother; in Vishakha he was born; in Vishakha, tearing out his hair, he left the house and entered the state of houselessness; in Vishakha he obtained the highest knowledge and insight, which God granted him, infinite, supreme, unobstructed, unimpeded, complete, and full; in Vishakha he attained final salvation. (149)

In that period, in that age, in the first month of summer, in the first fortnight, the dark (fortnight) of Chaitra, on its fourth day, the messenger Parshva, the people's favourite, here on the continent Jambudvipa, in Bharatavarsha, in the town of Benares; and in the middle of the night when the moon was in conjunction with the asterism Vishakha, took the form of an embryo in the womb of the queen Vama, wife of Ashvasena, king (of Benares). (150)

The knowledge of the messenger Parshva, the people's favourite, (about this) was threefold, &c. (repeat §§ 3-95 after making the necessary substitutions, and omitting what exclusively applies to Mahavira, all down to) comfortably carried her unborn child. (151)

In that period, in that age the messenger Parshva, the people's favourite—after the lapse of nine months and seven and a half days, in the second month of winter, in the third fortnight, the dark (fortnight) of Pausha, on its tenth day, in the middle of the night when the moon was in conjunction with the asterism Vishakha—(Vama), perfectly healthy herself, gave birth to a perfectly healthy boy. (152)

In that night in which the messenger Parshva, the people's favourite, was born, &c. (repeat §§ 97-107 with the necessary alterations, all down to) therefore shall the name of our boy be Parshva. (153, 154)

The messenger Parshva, the people's favourite, clever, with the aspirations of a clever man, of great beauty, controlling his senses, lucky, and modest, lived thirty years as a householder. Then the Lokantika angels, following the established custom, addressed him with these kind, pleasing, &c., sweet, and soft words: (155)

"Victory, victory to thee, gladdener of the world!" (see § 110, down to) Thus they raised the shout of victory. (156) Before the messenger Parshva, the people's favourite, had adopted the life of a householder, &c. (see § 112, down to) indigent persons.

In the second month of winter, in the third fortnight, the dark (fortnight) of Pausha, on its eleventh day, in the middle of the night, riding in his palankin called Vishala, followed on his way by a train of angels, men, and unbelievers, &c. (Parshva) went right through the town of Benares to the park called Ashramapada, and proceeded to the excellent tree Ashoka. There, &c. (see § 116, down to) five handfuls.

When the moon was in conjunction with the asterism Vishakha, he, after fasting three and a half days without drinking water, put on a pure robe, and together with three hundred men he tore out his hair, and leaving the house entered the state of houselessness. (157)

The messenger Parshva, the people's favourite, for eighty-three days neglected his body, &c. (see § 117, down to) animals. (158)

Thereafter the messenger Parshva, the people's favourite, was houseless, circumspect, &c. (see §§ 118-120, down to) meditated upon himself for eighty-three days.

During the eighty-fourth day—it was in the first month of summer, in the first fortnight, the dark (fortnight) of Chaitra, on its fourth day, in the early part of the day, when the moon was in conjunction with the asterism Vishakha—Parshva, under a Dhataki tree, after fasting two and a half days without drinking water, being engaged in deep meditation, reached the infinite, &c. (see § 120, down to) highest knowledge and insight, &c. (see § 121, down to) moment. (159)

The messenger Parshva, the people's favourite, had eight groups and eight leaders of groups (enumerated in a verse):

Shubha and Aryaghosha, Vasishtha and Brahmacharin, Saumya and Shridhara, Virabhadra and Yashas. (160)

The messenger Parshva, the people's favourite, had an excellent community of sixteen thousand Shramanas with Aryadatta at their head; (161) thirty-eight thousand nuns with Pushpachula at their head; (162) one hundred and sixty-four thousand lay votaries with Suvrata at their head; (163) three hundred and twenty-seven thousand female lay votaries with Sunanda at their head; (164) three hundred and fifty sages who knew the fourteen Purvas, &c. (see § 138); (165) fourteen hundred sages who were possessed of the Avadhi knowledge; one thousand with the highest knowledge; eleven hundred sages who could transform themselves, six hundred sages of correct knowledge, one thousand male and two thousand female disciples who had reached perfection, seven hundred and fifty sages of vast intellect, six hundred professors, and twelve hundred sages in their last stage. (166)

The messenger Parshva, the people's favourite, instituted two epochs in his capacity of a Maker of an end: the epoch relating to generations and the epoch relating to psychical condition; the former ended in the fourth generation, the latter in the third year of his highest knowledge. (167)

In that period, in that age the messenger Parshva, the people's favourite, lived thirty years as a householder, eighty-three days in a state inferior to perfection, something less than seventy years in the state of highest knowledge, full seventy years as a Shramana, and a hundred years on the whole.

When his appointed term was exhausted and in this age the greater part of the period had elapsed, in the first month of the rainy season, in the second fortnight, the light (fortnight) of Shravana, on its eighth day, in the early part of the day when the moon was in conjunction with the asterism Vishakha, (Parshva), after fasting a month without drinking water, on the summit of mount Sammeta, in the company of eighty-three persons, stretching out his hands, died, &c. (all down to) freed from all pains. (168)

Since the time that the messenger Parshva, the people's favourite, died, &c. (all down to) freed from all pains, twelve centuries have elapsed, and of the thirteenth century this is the thirtieth year. (169)

End of the Life of Parshva.

Life Of Arishtanemi.

In that period, in that age lived the messenger Arishtanemi, the five most important moments of whose life happened when the moon was in conjunction with the asterism Chitra. In Chitra he was conceived, &c. (see § 149, down to) obtained final salvation. (170)

In that period, in that age, in the fourth month of the rainy season, in the seventh fortnight, the dark (fortnight) of Karttika, on its twelfth day, the messenger Arishtanemi, here on the continent Jambudvipa, in Bharatavarsha, in the town of Shauripura, and in the middle of the night when the moon was in conjunction with the asterism Chitra, took the form of an embryo in the womb of the queen Shiva, wife of the king Samudravijaya, &c. (the seeing of the dreams, the accumulation of riches, &c., should be repeated here). (171)

In that period, in that age the messenger Arishtanemi—after the lapse of nine months and seven and a half days, in the first month of the rainy season, in the second fortnight, the light (fortnight) of Shravana, on its fifth day, &c.—(Shiva), perfectly healthy herself, gave birth to a perfectly healthy boy. (Repeat the account of the birth, substituting the name Samudravijaya, all down to) therefore shall the name of our boy be Arishtanemi.

The messenger Arishtanemi, clever, &c. (see §§ 155-157, all down to) indigent persons. (172) In the first month of the rainy season, in the second fortnight, the light (fortnight) of Shravana, on its sixth day riding in his palankin called Uttarakuru, and followed on his way by a train of angels, men, and unbelievers, &c. (Arishtanemi) went right through the town of Dvaravati to the park called Revatika, and proceeded to the excellent Ashoka tree. There, &c. (see § 116, down to) five handfuls. When the moon was in conjunction with the asterism Chitra, after fasting two and a half days without drinking water, he put on a pure robe, and together with a thousand persons he tore out his hair, and leaving the house entered the state of houselessness. (173)

The messenger Arishtanemi for fifty-four days neglected his body, &c. (see §§ 117-120). During the fifty-fifth day—it was in the third month of the rainy season, in the fifth fortnight, the dark fortnight of Ashvina, on its fifteenth day, in the last part of the day, when the moon was in conjunction with the asterism Chitra—(Arishtanemi) under a Vetasa tree on the summit of mount Girnar, after fasting three and a half days without drinking water, &c., obtained infinite, &c., highest knowledge and insight, &c. (see § 121, down to) moment. (174)

The messenger Arishtanemi had eighteen groups and eighteen leaders of groups. (175)

The messenger Arishtanemi had an excellent community of eighteen thousand Shramanas with Varadatta at their head; (176) forty thousand nuns with Arya Yakshini at their head; (177) one hundred and sixty-nine thousand lay votaries with Nanda at their head; (178) three hundred and thirty-six thousand female lay votaries with Mahasuvrata at their head; (179) four hundred sages who knew the fourteen Purvas, &c.; (180) fifteen hundred sages who were possessed of the Avadhi knowledge; fifteen hundred with the highest knowledge; fifteen hundred sages who could transform themselves; one thousand sages of vast intellect; eight hundred professors; sixteen hundred sages in their last stage; fifteen hundred male and three thousand female disciples who had reached perfection.

The messenger Arishtanemi instituted, &c. (see § 146, down to) the former ended in the eighth generation, the latter in the twelfth year of his highest knowledge. (181) In that period, in that age the messenger Arishtanemi lived three centuries as a prince, fifty-four days in a state inferior to perfection, something less than seven centuries in the state of highest knowledge, full seven centuries as a Shramana, a thousand years on the whole. When his appointed term was exhausted and in this age a great part of the period had elapsed, in the fourth month of summer, in the eighth fortnight, the light (fortnight) of Ashadha, on its eighth day, in the middle of the night when the moon was in conjunction with the asterism Chitra, (Arishtanemi), after fasting a month without drinking water, on the summit of mount Girnar, in the company of five hundred and thirty-six monks, in a squatting position, died, &c. (all down to) freed from all pains. (182)

Since the time that the messenger Arishtanemi died, &c. (all down to) freed from all pains, eighty-four thousand years have elapsed, of the eighty-fifth millennium nine centuries have elapsed, of the tenth century this is the eightieth year. (183)

End of the Life of Arishtanemi.

Epochs Of The Intermediate Messengers.

Since the time that the messenger Nami died, &c. (all down to) freed from all pains, 584,979 years have elapsed, this is the eightieth year. (184) Since the death of Munisuvrata this is the year 1,184,980. Since Malli this is the year 6,584,980. Ara died 10,000,000 years before Malli; Kunthu a quarter of a Palyopama before Malli; Shanti three-quarters of a Palyopama; Dharma three Sagaropamas before Malli; Ananta seven Sagaropamas before Malli; Vimala sixteen Sagaropamas before Malli; Vasupujya forty Sagaropamas before Malli; Shreyamsa a hundred Sagaropamas before Malli. Shitala died a krore of Sagaropamas, less 42,003 years and eight and a half months, before the death of Vira. Suvidhi, surnamed Pushpadanta, died ten krores of Sagaropamas before Shitala; Chandraprabha a hundred krores of Sagaropamas before Shitala; Suparshva a thousand krores of Sagaropamas before Shitala; Padmaprabha ten thousand krores of Sagaropamas before Shitala; Sumati one hundred thousand krores of Sagaropamas before Shitala; Abhinandana one million krores of Sagaropamas before Shitala; Sambhava two million krores of Sagaropamas before Shitala; Ajita five million krores of Sagaropamas before Shitala. (185-203)

Life Of Rishabha.

In that period, in that age lived the messenger Rishabha, the Kosalian, four important moments of whose life happened when the moon was in conjunction with the asterism Uttarashadha; the fifth, when in conjunction with Abhijit: (204) in Uttarashadha he was conceived, &c. (all down to) in Abhijit he obtained final salvation. (205)

In that period, in that age, in the fourth month of summer, in the seventh fortnight, the dark (fortnight) of Ashadha, on its fourth day, the messenger Rishabha, the Kosalian, here on the continent Jambudvipa, in Bharatavarsha, in Ikshvakubhumi, and in the middle of the night, &c., took the form of an embryo in the womb of Marudevi, wife of the patriarch Nabhi. (206)

The knowledge of the messenger Rishabha about this, &c. (all as in the case of Mahavira, but note the following differences: the first dream is a bull "coming forward with his face," the other (mothers of messengers see first) an elephant. She (Marudevi) relates them to Nabhi, the patriarch; there are no interpreters of dreams; Nabhi, the patriarch, himself interprets them). (207)

In that period, in that age the messenger Rishabha, the Kosalian,—in the first month of summer, in the first fortnight, the dark (fortnight) of Chaitra, on its eighth day, &c.,—(Marudevi), perfectly healthy herself, gave birth to a perfectly healthy boy. (208)

(The circumstances connected with the birth of Rishabha are the same as in the case of that of Mahavira, only that the contents of §§ 100 and 101 do not apply to the present case.) (209)

The messenger Rishabha, the Kosalian, belonged to the Kashyapa gotra, and he had five names: Rishabha, First King, First Mendicant, First Guide, and First Messenger of his people. (210)

The messenger Rishabha, the Kosalian, clever, with the aspirations of a clever man, of great beauty, controlling (his senses), lucky, and modest, lived two millions of former years as a prince, and six millions three hundred thousand former years as a king. During his reign he taught, for the benefit of the people, the seventy-two sciences, of which writing is the first, arithmetic the most important, and the knowledge of omens the last, the sixty-four accomplishments of women, the hundred arts, and the three occupations of men. At last he anointed his hundred sons as kings, and gave each a kingdom. Then the Lokantika angel, following the established custom, &c. (see §§ 110-112, down to) indigent persons. In the first month of summer, in the first fortnight, the dark (fortnight) of Chaitra, on its eighth day, in the latter part of the day, riding in his palankin called Sudarshana, followed on his way by a train of angels, men, and unbelievers, &c. (Rishabha) went right through the town Vinita to the park called Siddhartha Vana, and proceeded to the excellent tree Ashoka. There, &c. (see § 116, down to) four handfuls. When the moon was in conjunction with the asterism Ashadha, he, after fasting two and a half days without drinking water, put on a pure robe, and together with four thousand of high, noble, royal persons, and Kshatriyas, he tore out his hair, and leaving the house entered the state of houselessness. (211)

The messenger Rishabha, the Kosalian, for one thousand years neglected his body, &c. (see §§ 117-120, down to) meditated upon himself for one thousand years. Thereupon—it was in the fourth month of winter, the seventh fortnight, the dark (fortnight) of Phalguna, on its eleventh day, in the early part of the day, when the moon was in conjunction with the asterism Ashadha, outside of the town Purimatala, in the park called Shakatamukha, under the excellent tree Nyagrodha—(Rishabha) after fasting three and a half days without drinking water, being engaged in deep meditation, reached the infinite, &c. (see § 120, down to) highest knowledge and insight, &c. (see § 121, down to) moment. (212)

The messenger Rishabha, the Kosalian, had eighty-four groups and eighty-four leaders of groups. (213)

The messenger Rishabha, the Kosalian, had an excellent community of eighty-four thousand Shramanas with Rishabhasena at their head; (214) three hundred thousand nuns with Brahmisundari at their head; (215) three hundred and five thousand lay votaries with Shreyamsa at their head; (216) five hundred and fifty-four thousand female lay votaries with Subhadra at their head; (217) four thousand seven hundred and fifty sages who knew the fourteen Purvas, &c.; (218) nine thousand sages who were possessed of the Avadhi knowledge; (219) twenty thousand with the highest knowledge; (220) twenty thousand six hundred sages who could transform themselves; (221) twelve thousand six hundred and fifty sages of vast intellect, &c.; (222) twelve thousand six hundred and fifty professors; (223) twenty thousand male and forty thousand female disciples who had reached perfection; (224) twenty-two thousand nine hundred sages in their last stage, &c. (225)

The messenger Rishabha, the Kosalian, instituted, &c. (see § 146, down to) the former ended after numberless generations, the latter from the next Muhurta after his receiving the highest knowledge. (226)

In that period, in that age the messenger Rishabha, the Kosalian, lived two millions of former years as a prince, six millions three hundred thousand former years as a king, together eight millions three hundred thousand former years as a householder; a thousand (former) years in a state inferior to perfection, nine-and-ninety thousand former years in the state of highest knowledge, together a hundred thousand former years as a Shramana, and eight millions four hundred thousand years on the whole. When his appointed term was exhausted, and in this age the period had nearly elapsed, only three years and eight and a half months being left, in the third month of winter, in the fifth fortnight, the dark (fortnight) of Magha, on its thirteenth day, in the early part of the day when the moon was in conjunction with the asterism Abhijit, (Rishabha), after fasting six and a half days without drinking water, on the summit of mount Ashtapada, in the company of ten thousand monks in the Samparyanka position, died, &c. (all down to) freed from all pains. (227)

Since the time that the messenger Rishabha, the Kosalian, died, &c. (all down to) freed from all pains, three years and eight and a half months elapsed; thereupon one koti of kotis of Sagaropamas, less forty-two thousand and three years and eight and a half months, elapsed. At that time the Venerable Messenger Mahavira died; after his passing nine centuries elapsed, of the tenth century this is the eightieth year.

End of the Life of Rishabha.

End of the Lives of the Guides.

List Of The Sthaviras.

At that period, at that age the Venerable Messenger Mahavira had nine groups and eleven leaders of groups.

"Why, now, has it been said, that the Venerable Messenger Mahavira had nine groups, but eleven leaders of groups?"

"The oldest monk of the Venerable Messenger Mahavira was Indrabhuti of the Gautama gotra, who instructed five hundred Shramanas; the middle-aged monk was Agnibhuti of the Gautama gotra, who instructed five hundred Shramanas; the youngest was Vayubhuti of the Gautama gotra, who instructed five hundred Shramanas. The Sthavira Arya-Vyakta of the Bharadvaja gotra instructed five hundred Shramanas; the Sthavira Arya-Sudharman of the Agniveshyayana gotra instructed five hundred Shramanas; the Sthavira Mandikaputra of the Vasishtha gotra instructed two hundred and fifty Shramanas; the Sthavira Mauryaputra of the Kashyapa gotra instructed two hundred and fifty Shramanas; the Sthavira Akampita of the Gautama gotra and Sthavira Achalabhrata of the Haritayana gotra, both Sthaviras instructed together three hundred Shramanas each; the Sthaviras Metarya and Prabhasa, both of the Kaundinya gotra, instructed together three hundred Shramanas each. Therefore, Sir, has it been said that the Venerable Messenger Mahavira had nine groups, but eleven leaders of groups." (1)

All these eleven leaders of groups of the Venerable Messenger Mahavira, who knew the twelve Angas, the fourteen Purvas, and the whole body of teaching of the leaders, died, &c. (all down to) freed from all pains in Rajagriha after fasting a month without drinking water. The Sthaviras Indrabhuti and Arya Sudharman both died after the passing of Mahavira. The Nirgrantha Shramanas of the present time are all (spiritual) descendants of the monk Arya Sudharman, the rest of the leaders of groups left no descendants. (2)

The Venerable Messenger Mahavira was of the Kashyapa gotra. His disciple was:

1 Arya Sudharman of the Agniveshyayana gotra;

2 Arya Jambunaman of the Kashyapa gotra;

3 Arya Prabhava of the Katyayana gotra;

4 Arya Shayyambhava, father of Manaka, was of the Vatsa gotra;

5 Arya Yashobhadra of the Tungikayana gotra. (3)

In the short redaction the list of Sthaviras after Arya Yashobhadra is the following:

6 Arya Sambhutavijaya of the Maatthara gotra and Arya Bhadrabahu of the Prachina gotra;

7 Arya Sthulabhadra of the Gautama gotra;

8 i. Arya Mahagiri of the Ailapatya gotra and ii. Arya Suhastin of the Vasishtha gotra;

9 Susthita and Supratibuddha, surnamed Kotika and Kakandaka, of the Vyaghrapatya gotra;

10 Arya Indradatta of the Kaushika gotra;

11 Arya Datta of the Gautama gotra;

12 Arya Simhagiri of the Kaushika gotra;

13 Arya Vajra of the Gautama gotra;

14 Arya Vajrasena of the Utkrishta gotra.

He had four disciples: Arya Nagila, Arya Padmila, Arya Jayanta, and Arya Tapasa, each of whom founded a branch called after his name, viz. the Aryanagila branch, the Aryapadmila branch, the Aryajayanti branch, and the Aryatapasi branch. (4)

In the detailed redaction the list of Sthaviras after Arya Yashobhadra is the following:

6 i. Arya Bhadrabahu of the Prachina gotra, who had four disciples of the Kashyapa gotra:

a. Godasa, founder of the Godasa group, which was divided into four branches:

α. The Tamraliptika branch,

β. The Kotivarshiya branch,

γ. The Pundravardhaniya branch, and

δ. The Dasikharbatika branch.

b. Agnidatta,

c. Yajnadatta,

d. Somadatta.

ii. Arya Sambhutavijaya of the Maatthara gotra, who had twelve disciples:

7 a. Nandanabhadra,

b. Upananda,

c. Tishyabhadra,

d. Yashobhadra,

e. Sumanobhadra,

f. Manibhadra,

g. Purnabhadra,

h. Sthulabhadra of the Gautama gotra,

i. Rijumati,

k. Jambu,

l. Dirghabhadra, and

m. Pandubhadra;

and seven female disciples:

a. Yaksha,

b. Yakshadatta,

c. Bhuta,

d. Bhutadatta,

e. Sena (also Ena),

f. Vena,

g. Rena.

8 i. Arya Mahagiri of the Ailapatya gotra, who had eight disciples:

a. Uttara,

b. Balissaha, who both together founded the Uttarabalissaha group, which was divided into four branches:

α. Kausambika,

β. Sautaptika,

γ. Kautumbini (or Kundadhari),