an10.176:5 “Cunda, impurity is threefold by way of body, fourfold by way of speech, and threefold by way of mind.

an10.176:6 And how is impurity threefold by way of body? It’s when someone kills living creatures. They’re violent, bloody-handed, a hardened killer, merciless to all living beings.

an10.176:7 They steal. With the intention to commit theft, they take the wealth or belongings of others from village or wilderness.

an10.176:8 They commit sexual misconduct. They have relations with women who have their mother, father, both mother and father, brother, sister, relatives, or clan as guardian. They have relations with a woman who is protected on principle, or who has a husband, or whose violation is punishable by law, or even one who has been garlanded as a token of betrothal.

an10.176:9 This is the threefold impurity by way of body.

an10.176:10 And how is impurity fourfold by way of speech? It’s when someone lies. They’re summoned to a council, an assembly, a family meeting, a guild, or to the royal court, and asked to bear witness: ‘Please, my friend, say what you know.’ Not knowing, they say ‘I know.’ Knowing, they say ‘I don’t know.’ Not seeing, they say ‘I see.’ And seeing, they say ‘I don’t see.’ So they deliberately lie for the sake of themselves or another, or for some trivial worldly reason.

an10.176:11 They backbite. They repeat in one place what they heard in another so as to divide people against each other. And so they divide those who are harmonious, supporting division, delighting in division, loving division, speaking words that promote division.

an10.176:12 They speak harshly. They use the kinds of words that are cruel, nasty, hurtful, offensive, bordering on anger, not leading to immersion.

an10.176:13 They talk nonsense. Their speech is untimely, and is neither factual nor beneficial. It has nothing to do with the teaching or the training. Their words have no value, and are untimely, unreasonable, rambling, and pointless. This is the fourfold impurity by way of speech.

an10.176:14 And how is impurity threefold by way of mind? It’s when someone is covetous. They covet the wealth and belongings of others: ‘Oh, if only their belongings were mine!’

an10.176:15 They have ill will and malicious intentions: ‘May these sentient beings be killed, slaughtered, slain, destroyed, or annihilated!’

an10.176:16 They have wrong view. Their perspective is distorted: ‘There’s no meaning in giving, sacrifice, or offerings. There’s no fruit or result of good and bad deeds. There’s no afterlife. There’s no such thing as mother and father, or angels. And there’s no ascetic or brahmin who is rightly comported and rightly practiced, and who describes the afterlife after realizing it with their own insight.’ This is the threefold impurity by way of mind.

an10.176:17 These are the ten ways of doing unskillful deeds. When you have these ten ways of doing unskillful deeds, then if you rise early, whether or not you stroke the earth from your bed, you’re still impure.

an10.176:18 Whether or not you stroke fresh cow dung, you’re still impure.

an10.176:19 Whether or not you stroke green grass, you’re still impure.

an10.176:20 Whether or not you serve the sacred flame, you’re still impure.

an10.176:21 Whether or not you revere the sun with cupped palms, you’re still impure.

an10.176:22 Whether or not you immerse yourself in water three times, you’re still impure. Why is that? These ten ways of doing unskillful deeds are impure and make things impure.

an10.176:23 It’s because of those who do these ten kinds of unskillful deeds that hell and other bad places are found.

an10.176:24 Cunda, purity is threefold by way of body, fourfold by way of speech, and threefold by way of mind.

an10.176:25 And how is purity threefold by way of body? It’s when someone gives up killing living creatures, renouncing the rod and the sword. They’re scrupulous and kind, living full of sympathy for all living beings.

an10.176:26 They give up stealing. They don’t, with the intention to commit theft, take the wealth or belongings of others from village or wilderness.

an10.176:27 They give up sexual misconduct. They don’t have relations with women who have their mother, father, both mother and father, brother, sister, relatives, or clan as guardian. They don’t have relations with a woman who is protected on principle, or who has a husband, or whose violation is punishable by law, or even one who has been garlanded as a token of betrothal.

an10.176:28 This is the threefold purity by way of body.

an10.176:29 And how is purity fourfold by way of speech? It’s when someone gives up lying. They’re summoned to a council, an assembly, a family meeting, a guild, or to the royal court, and asked to bear witness: ‘Please, my friend, say what you know.’ Not knowing, they say ‘I don’t know.’ Knowing, they say ‘I know.’ Not seeing, they say ‘I don’t see.’ And seeing, they say ‘I see.’ So they don’t deliberately lie for the sake of themselves or another, or for some trivial worldly reason.

an10.176:30 They give up backbiting. They don’t repeat in one place what they heard in another so as to divide people against each other. Instead, they reconcile those who are divided and support those who are united, delighting in harmony, loving harmony, speaking words that promote harmony.

an10.176:31 They give up harsh speech. They speak in a way that’s mellow, pleasing to the ear, endearing, going to the heart, polite, and likable and agreeable to the people.

an10.176:32 They give up talking nonsense. Their words are timely, true, and meaningful, in line with the teaching and training. They say things at the right time which are valuable, reasonable, succinct, and beneficial.

an10.176:33 This is the fourfold purity by way of speech.

an10.176:34 And how is purity threefold by way of mind? It’s when someone is content. They don’t covet the wealth and belongings of others: ‘Oh, if only their belongings were mine!’

an10.176:35 They have a kind heart and loving intentions: ‘May these sentient beings live free of enmity and ill will, untroubled and happy!’

an10.176:36 They have right view, an undistorted perspective: ‘There is meaning in giving, sacrifice, and offerings. There are fruits and results of good and bad deeds. There is an afterlife. There are such things as mother and father, and angels. And there are ascetics and brahmins who are rightly comported and rightly practiced, and who describe the afterlife after realizing it with their own insight.’

an10.176:37 This is the threefold purity by way of mind.

an10.176:38 These are the ten ways of doing skillful deeds. When you have these ten ways of doing skillful deeds, then if you rise early, whether or not you stroke the earth from your bed, you’re still pure.

an10.176:39 Whether or not you stroke fresh cow dung, you’re still pure.

an10.176:40 Whether or not you stroke green grass, you’re still pure.

an10.176:41 Whether or not you serve the sacred flame, you’re still pure.

an10.176:42 Whether or not you revere the sun with cupped palms, you’re still pure.

an10.176:43 Whether or not you immerse yourself in water three times, you’re still pure. Why is that? These ten ways of doing skillful deeds are pure and make things pure.

an10.176:44 It’s because of those who do these ten kinds of skillful deeds that the Garden and other good places are found.”

an10.176:45 When he said this, Cunda the smith said to the Buddha, “Excellent, sir! Excellent! … From this day forth, may the Buddha remember me as a lay follower who has gone for refuge for life.”

17. With Jānussoṇi

With Jānussoṇi

an10.177:1 Then the brahmin Jānussoṇi went up to the Buddha, and exchanged greetings with him. When the greetings and polite conversation were over, he sat down to one side and said to the Buddha,

an10.177:2 “We who are known as brahmins give gifts and pray for the dead: ‘May this gift aid my departed relatives and kin. May they partake of this gift.’ But does this gift really aid departed relatives and kin? Do they actually partake of it?” “Brahmin, each soul has only what it has striven for; but the gift is never fruitless for the donor.”

an10.177:10 “Does the worthy Gotama propose this even when the conditions are wrong?”

an10.177:12 dogs.

an10.177:17 It’s never fruitless for the donor.”

an10.177:18 “It’s incredible, worthy Gotama, it’s amazing, This is quite enough to justify giving gifts and praying for the dead, since it’s never fruitless for the donor.” “That’s so true, brahmin. It’s never fruitless for the donor.”

an10.177:19 “Excellent, worthy Gotama! Excellent! … From this day forth, may the worthy Gotama remember me as a lay follower who has gone for refuge for life.”

18. Good

Good

an10.178:1 “Mendicants, I will teach you what is good and what is not good. Listen and apply your mind well, I will speak.” “Yes, sir,” they replied. The Buddha said this:

an10.178:2 “And what, mendicants, is not good? Killing living creatures, stealing, and sexual misconduct; speech that’s false, backbiting, harsh, or nonsensical; covetousness, ill will, and wrong view. This is called what is not good.

an10.178:3 And what is good? Refraining from killing living creatures, stealing, and sexual misconduct; refraining from speech that’s false, divisive, harsh, or nonsensical; contentment, good will, and right view. This is called what is good.”

18. Good

The Teaching of the Noble Ones

an10.179:1 “Mendicants, I will teach you the teaching of the noble ones, and what is not the teaching of the noble ones. Listen and apply your mind well, I will speak. … And what is not the teaching of the noble ones? Killing living creatures … wrong view. This is called what is not the teaching of the noble ones.

an10.179:2 And what is the teaching of the noble ones? Not killing living creatures … right view. This is called the teaching of the noble ones.”

18. Good

Skillful

an10.180:1 “I will teach you the skillful and the unskillful … And what is the unskillful? Killing living creatures … wrong view. This is called the unskillful.

an10.180:2 And what is the skillful? Not killing living creatures … right view. This is called the skillful.”

18. Good

Beneficial

an10.181:1 “I will teach you the beneficial and the harmful. … And what is the harmful? Killing living creatures … wrong view. This is called the harmful.

an10.181:2 And what is the beneficial? Not killing living creatures … right view. This is called the beneficial.”

18. Good

The Teaching

an10.182:1 “I will teach you what is the teaching and what is not the teaching. … And what is not the teaching? Killing living creatures … wrong view. This is called what is not the teaching.

an10.182:2 And what is the teaching? Not killing living creatures … right view. This is called the teaching.”

18. Good

Defiled

an10.183:1 “I will teach you the defiled principle and the undefiled. … And what is the defiled principle? Killing living creatures … wrong view. This is called the defiled principle.

an10.183:2 And what is the undefiled principle? Not killing living creatures … right view. This is called the undefiled principle.”

18. Good

Blameworthy

an10.184:1 “I will teach you the blameworthy principle and the blameless. … And what is the blameworthy principle? Killing living creatures … wrong view. This is called the blameworthy principle.

an10.184:2 And what is the blameless principle? Not killing living creatures … right view. This is called the blameless principle.”

18. Good

Mortifying

an10.185:1 “I will teach you the mortifying principle and the unmortifying. … And what is the mortifying principle? Killing living creatures … wrong view. This is called the mortifying principle.

an10.185:2 And what is the unmortifying principle? Not killing living creatures … right view. This is called the unmortifying principle.”

18. Good

Leading to Accumulation

an10.186:1 “I will teach you the principle that leads to accumulation and that which leads to dispersal. … And what is the principle that leads to accumulation? Killing living creatures … wrong view. This is called the principle that leads to accumulation.

an10.186:2 And what is the principle that leads to dispersal? Not killing living creatures … right view. This is called the principle that leads to dispersal.”

18. Good

With Suffering as Outcome

an10.187:1 “I will teach you the principle that has suffering as outcome, and that which has happiness as outcome. … And what is the principle whose outcome is suffering? Killing living creatures … wrong view. This is the principle whose outcome is suffering.

an10.187:2 And what is the principle whose outcome is happiness? Not killing living creatures … right view. This is the principle whose outcome is happiness.”

18. Good

Result

an10.188:1 “I will teach you the principle that results in suffering and that which results in happiness. … And what is the principle that results in suffering? Killing living creatures … wrong view. This is called the principle that results in suffering.

an10.188:2 And what is the principle that results in happiness? Not killing living creatures … right view. This is called the principle that results in happiness.”

19. The Noble Path

The Noble Path

an10.189:1 “I will teach you the noble path and the ignoble path. … And what is the ignoble path? Killing living creatures … wrong view. This is called the ignoble path.

an10.189:2 And what is the noble path? Not killing living creatures … right view. This is called the noble path.”

19. The Noble Path

The Dark Path

an10.190:1 “I will teach you the dark path and the bright path. … And what is the dark path? Killing living creatures … wrong view. This is called the dark path.

an10.190:2 And what is the bright path? Not killing living creatures … right view. This is called the bright path.”

19. The Noble Path

The True Teaching

an10.191:1 “I will teach you what is the true teaching and what is not the true teaching. … And what is not the true teaching? Killing living creatures … wrong view. This is called what is not the true teaching.

an10.191:2 And what is the true teaching? Not killing living creatures … right view. This is called the true teaching.”

19. The Noble Path

The Teaching of the True Persons

an10.192:1 “Mendicants, I will teach you the teaching of the true persons and the teaching of the untrue persons. And what is the teaching of the untrue persons? Killing living creatures … wrong view. This is the teaching of the untrue persons.

an10.192:2 And what is the teaching of the true persons? Not killing living creatures … right view. This is the teaching of the true persons.”

19. The Noble Path

Principles That Should Be Activated

an10.193:1 “I will teach you the principle to activate and the principle not to activate. … And what is the principle not to activate? Killing living creatures … wrong view. This is called the principle not to activate.

an10.193:2 And what is the principle to activate? Not killing living creatures … right view. This is called the principle to activate.”

19. The Noble Path

Principles That Should Be Cultivated

an10.194:1 “I will teach you the principle to cultivate and the principle not to cultivate. … And what is the principle not to cultivate? Killing living creatures … wrong view. This is called the principle not to cultivate.

an10.194:2 And what is the principle to cultivate? Not killing living creatures … right view. This is called the principle to cultivate.”

19. The Noble Path

Principles That Should Be Developed

an10.195:1 “I will teach you the principle to develop and the principle not to develop. … Listen and apply your mind well, I will speak. And what is the principle not to develop? Killing living creatures … wrong view. This is called the principle not to develop.

an10.195:2 And what is the principle to develop? Not killing living creatures … right view. This is called the principle to develop.”

19. The Noble Path

Principles That Should Be Made Much Of

an10.196:1 “I will teach you the principle to make much of and the principle not to make much of. … And what is the principle not to make much of? Killing living creatures … wrong view. This is called the principle not to make much of.

an10.196:2 And what is the principle to make much of? Not killing living creatures … right view. This is called the principle to make much of.”

19. The Noble Path

Should Be Recollected

an10.197:1 “I will teach you the principle to recollect and the principle not to recollect. … And what is the principle not to recollect? Killing living creatures … wrong view. This is called the principle not to recollect.

an10.197:2 And what is the principle to recollect? Not killing living creatures … right view. This is called the principle to recollect.”

19. The Noble Path

Should Be Realized

an10.198:1 “I will teach you the principle to realize and the principle not to realize. … And what is the principle not to realize? Killing living creatures … wrong view. This is called the principle not to realize.

an10.198:2 And what is the principle to realize? Not killing living creatures … right view. This is called the principle to realize.”

20. Another Chapter on Individuals

Should Not Associate, Etc.

an10.199-210:1 “Mendicants, you should not associate with an individual who possesses ten qualities. What ten? They kill living creatures, steal, and commit sexual misconduct. They use speech that’s false, backbiting, harsh, or nonsensical. And they’re covetous, malicious, with wrong view. You should not associate with an individual who possesses these ten qualities.

an10.199-210:2 You should associate with an individual who possesses ten qualities. What ten? They don’t kill living creatures, steal, or commit sexual misconduct. They don’t use speech that’s false, backbiting, harsh, or nonsensical. They’re contented, kind-hearted, with right view. You should associate with an individual who possesses these ten qualities.”

an10.199-210:3 “Mendicants, you should not frequent an individual who possesses ten qualities … You should frequent …” “You should not pay homage … You should pay homage …” “You should not venerate … You should venerate …” “You should not praise … You should praise …” “You should not revere … You should revere …” “You should not defer to … You should defer to …” “Someone is not a success … Someone is a success …” “Someone is not pure … Someone is pure …” “Someone does not win over conceit … Someone wins over conceit …” “Someone does not grow in wisdom … Someone grows in wisdom …”

an10.199-210:4 “An individual who possesses these ten qualities brims with much wickedness. … An individual who possesses these ten qualities brims with much merit. What ten? They don’t kill living creatures, steal, or commit sexual misconduct. They don’t use speech that’s false, backbiting, harsh, or nonsensical. They’re contented, kind-hearted, with right view. An individual who possesses these ten qualities brims with much merit.”

21. The Body Born of Deeds

Heaven and Hell (1st)

an10.211:1 “Someone with ten qualities is placed in hell as if delivered there. What ten? It’s when someone kills living creatures. They’re violent, bloody-handed, a hardened killer, merciless to all living beings.

an10.211:2 They steal. With the intention to commit theft, they take the wealth or belongings of others from village or wilderness.

an10.211:3 They commit sexual misconduct. They have relations with women who have their mother, father, both mother and father, brother, sister, relatives, or clan as guardian. They have relations with a woman who is protected on principle, or who has a husband, or whose violation is punishable by law, or even one who has been garlanded as a token of betrothal.

an10.211:4 They lie. They’re summoned to a council, an assembly, a family meeting, a guild, or to the royal court, and asked to bear witness: ‘Please, my man, say what you know.’ Not knowing, they say ‘I know.’ Knowing, they say ‘I don’t know.’ Not seeing, they say ‘I see.’ And seeing, they say ‘I don’t see.’ So they deliberately lie for the sake of themselves or another, or for some trivial worldly reason.

an10.211:5 They backbite. They repeat in one place what they heard in another so as to divide people against each other. And so they divide those who are harmonious, supporting division, delighting in division, loving division, speaking words that promote division.

an10.211:6 They speak harshly. They use the kinds of words that are cruel, nasty, hurtful, offensive, bordering on anger, not leading to immersion.

an10.211:7 They talk nonsense. Their speech is untimely, and is neither factual nor beneficial. It has nothing to do with the teaching or the training. Their words have no value, and are untimely, unreasonable, rambling, and pointless.

an10.211:8 They’re covetous. They covet the wealth and belongings of others: ‘Oh, if only their belongings were mine!’

an10.211:9 They have ill will and malicious intentions: ‘May these sentient beings be killed, slaughtered, slain, destroyed, or annihilated!’

an10.211:10 They have wrong view. Their perspective is distorted:

an10.211:11 ‘There’s no meaning in giving, sacrifice, or offerings. There’s no fruit or result of good and bad deeds. There’s no afterlife. There’s no such thing as mother and father, or angels. And there’s no ascetic or brahmin who is rightly comported and rightly practiced, and who describes the afterlife after realizing it with their own insight.’ Someone with these ten qualities is placed in hell as if delivered there.

an10.211:12 Someone with ten qualities is placed in heaven as if delivered there. What ten? It’s when someone gives up killing living creatures, renouncing the rod and the sword. They’re scrupulous and kind, living full of sympathy for all living beings.

an10.211:13 They give up stealing. They don’t, with the intention to commit theft, take the wealth or belongings of others from village or wilderness.

an10.211:14 They give up sexual misconduct. They don’t have relations with women who have their mother, father, both mother and father, brother, sister, relatives, or clan as guardian. They don’t have relations with a woman who is protected on principle, or who has a husband, or whose violation is punishable by law, or even one who has been garlanded as a token of betrothal.

an10.211:15 They give up lying. They’re summoned to a council, an assembly, a family meeting, a guild, or to the royal court, and asked to bear witness: ‘Please, my man, say what you know.’ Not knowing, they say ‘I don’t know.’ Knowing, they say ‘I know.’ Not seeing, they say ‘I don’t see.’ And seeing, they say ‘I see.’ So they don’t deliberately lie for the sake of themselves or another, or for some trivial worldly reason.

an10.211:16 They give up backbiting. They don’t repeat in one place what they heard in another so as to divide people against each other. Instead, they reconcile those who are divided and support those who are united, delighting in harmony, loving harmony, speaking words that promote harmony.

an10.211:17 They give up harsh speech. They speak in a way that’s mellow, pleasing to the ear, endearing, going to the heart, polite, and likable and agreeable to the people.

an10.211:18 They give up talking nonsense. Their words are timely, true, and meaningful, in line with the teaching and training. They say things at the right time which are valuable, reasonable, succinct, and beneficial.

an10.211:19 They’re content. They don’t covet the wealth and belongings of others: ‘Oh, if only their belongings were mine!’

an10.211:20 They have a kind heart and loving intentions: ‘May these sentient beings live free of enmity and ill will, untroubled and happy!’

an10.211:21 They have right view, an undistorted perspective: ‘There is meaning in giving, sacrifice, and offerings. There are fruits and results of good and bad deeds. There is an afterlife. There are such things as mother and father, and angels. And there are ascetics and brahmins who are rightly comported and rightly practiced, and who describe the afterlife after realizing it with their own insight.’

an10.211:22 Someone with these ten qualities is placed in heaven as if delivered there.”

21. The Body Born of Deeds

Heaven and Hell (2nd)

an10.212:1 “Someone with ten qualities is placed in hell as if delivered there. What ten? It’s when someone kills living creatures. They’re violent, bloody-handed, a hardened killer, merciless to all living beings.

an10.212:2 They steal. … They commit sexual misconduct. … They lie. … They backbite. … They speak harshly. … They talk nonsense. … They’re covetous. … They have cruel intentions. … They have wrong view. … Someone with these ten qualities is placed in hell as if delivered there.

an10.212:3 Someone with ten qualities is placed in heaven as if delivered there. What ten? It’s when someone gives up killing living creatures, renouncing the rod and the sword. They’re scrupulous and kind, living full of sympathy for all living beings.

an10.212:4 They give up stealing. … They give up sexual misconduct. … They give up lying. … They give up backbiting. … They give up harsh speech. … They give up talking nonsense. … They’re content. … They’re kind hearted. … They have right view. … Someone with these ten qualities is placed in heaven as if delivered there.”

21. The Body Born of Deeds

A Lady

an10.213:1 “A lady with ten qualities is placed in hell as if delivered there. What ten? She kills living creatures. … She steals. … She commits sexual misconduct. … She lies. … She backbites. … She speaks harshly. … She indulges in talking nonsense. … She’s covetous. … She has cruel intentions. … She has wrong view. … A lady with these ten qualities is placed in hell as if delivered there.

an10.213:2 A lady with ten qualities is placed in heaven as if delivered there. What ten? She doesn’t kill living creatures. … She doesn’t steal. … She doesn’t commit sexual misconduct. … She doesn’t lie. … She doesn’t backbite. … She doesn’t speak harshly. … She doesn’t indulge in talking nonsense. … She’s content. … She’s kind hearted. … She has right view. … A lady with these ten qualities is placed in heaven as if delivered there.”

21. The Body Born of Deeds

A Laywoman

an10.214:1 “A laywoman with ten qualities is placed in hell as if delivered there. What ten? She kills living creatures. … She has wrong view. … A laywoman with these ten qualities is placed in hell as if delivered there.

an10.214:2 A laywoman with ten qualities is placed in heaven as if delivered there. What ten? She doesn’t kill living creatures. … She has right view. … A laywoman with these ten qualities is placed in heaven as if delivered there.”

21. The Body Born of Deeds

Assured

an10.215:1 “A laywoman living at home with these ten qualities is not self-assured. What ten? She kills living creatures. … She has wrong view. … A laywoman living at home with these ten qualities is not self-assured.

an10.215:2 A laywoman living at home with these ten qualities is self-assured. What ten? She doesn’t kill living creatures. … She has right view. … A laywoman living at home with these ten qualities is self-assured.”

21. The Body Born of Deeds

Creepy Creatures

an10.216:1 “Mendicants, I will teach you an exposition of the teaching on creepy creatures. Listen and apply your mind well, I will speak.” “Yes, sir,” they replied. The Buddha said this:

an10.216:2 “What is the exposition of the teaching on creepy creatures? Sentient beings are the owners of their deeds and heir to their deeds. Deeds are their womb, their relative, and their refuge. They shall be the heir of whatever deeds they do, whether good or bad.

an10.216:3 Take a certain someone who kills living creatures. They’re violent, bloody-handed, a hardened killer, merciless to all living beings. They’re creepy in body, speech, and mind. Doing crooked deeds by way of body, speech, and mind, their destiny is crooked.

an10.216:4 Someone whose destiny is crooked ends up in a place of suffering, I say: in an absolutely painful hell. And what are the species of creepy animals? Snakes, scorpions, centipedes, mongooses, cats, mice, owls, or whatever other species of animal that creep away when they see humans. For your deeds determine your destiny. This is why I say that sentient beings are heirs to their deeds.

an10.216:5 Take someone else who steals … commits sexual misconduct … lies … backbites … speaks harshly … indulges in talking nonsense … is covetous … has cruel intentions … has wrong view … They’re creepy in body, speech, and mind. Doing crooked deeds by way of body, speech, and mind, their destiny is crooked.

an10.216:6 Someone whose destiny is crooked ends up in a place of suffering, I say: in an absolutely painful hell. And what are the species of creepy animals? Snakes, scorpions, centipedes, mongooses, cats, mice, owls, or whatever other species of animal that creep away when they see humans. For your deeds determine your destiny. This is why I say that sentient beings are heirs to their deeds. Sentient beings are the owners of their deeds and heir to their deeds. Deeds are their womb, their relative, and their refuge. They shall be the heir of whatever deeds they do, whether good or bad.

an10.216:7 Take a certain someone who gives up killing living creatures, renouncing the rod and the sword. They’re scrupulous and kind, living full of sympathy for all living beings. They’re not creepy in body, speech, and mind. Doing virtuous deeds by way of body, speech, and mind, their destiny is virtuous.